Sappho to Phaon and Bibliography

Sappho to Phaon

A TRANSLATION OF OVID’S HEROIC EPISTLE, XV. BY ALEXANDER POPE, 1707

Say, lovely youth that dost my heart command,
Can Phaon’s eyes forget his Sappho’s hand?
Must then her name the wretched writer prove,
To thy remembrance lost as to thy love?
Ask not the cause that I new numbers choose,
The lute neglected and the lyric Muse:
Love taught my tears in sadder notes to flow,
And tuned my heart to elegies of woe.
I burn, I burn, as when through ripened corn
By driving winds the spreading flames are borne.
Phaon to Aetna’s scorching fields retires,
While I consume with more than Aetna’s fires.
No more my soul a charm in music finds;
Music has charms alone for peaceful minds:
Soft scenes of solitude no more can please;
Love enters there, and I’m my own disease.
No more the Lesbian dames my passion move,
Once the dear objects of my guilty love:⁹
All other loves are lost in only thine,
Ah, youth ungrateful to a flame like mine!
Whom would not all those blooming charms surprise,
Those heavenly looks and dear deluding eyes?
The harp and bow would you like Phoebus bear,
A brighter Phoebus Phaon might appear.
Would you with ivy wreathe your flowing hair,
Not Bacchus’ self with Phaon could compare:
Yet Phoebus loved, and Bacchus felt the flame;
One Daphne warmed and one the Cretan dame;
Nymphs that in verse no more could rival me
Than e’en those gods contend in charms with thee.
The Muses teach me all their softest lays,
And the wide world resounds with Sappho’s praise.
Though great Alcaeus more sublimely sings,
And strikes with bolder rage the sounding strings,
No less renown attends the moving lyre
Which Venus tunes and all her Loves inspire.
To me what Nature has in charms denied
Is well by wit’s more lasting flames supplied.
Though short my stature, yet my name extends
To heaven itself and earth’s remotest ends:
Brown as I am, an Aethiopian dame
Inspired young Perseus with a generous flame:
Turtles and doves of different hue unite,
And glossy jet is paired with shining white.
If to no charms thou wilt thy heart resign
But such as merit, such as equal thine,
By none, alas, by none thou canst be moved;
Phaon alone by Phaon must be loved.
Yet once thy Sappho could thy cares employ;
Once in her arms you centred all your joy:
No time the dear remembrance can remove,
For oh how vast a memory has love!
My music then you could for ever hear,
And all my words were music to your ear:
You stopt with kisses my enchanting tongue,
And found my kisses sweeter than my song.
In all I pleased, but most in what was best;
And the last joy was dearer than the rest:
Then with each word, each glance, each motion fired,
You still enjoyed, and yet you still desired,
Till all dissolving in the trance we lay,
And in tumultuous raptures died away.
The fair Sicilians now thy soul inflame:
Why was I born, ye gods, a Lesbian dame?
But ah, beware, Sicilian nymphs, nor boast
That wandering heart which I so lately lost;
Nor be with all those tempting words abused:
Those tempting words were all to Sappho used.
And you that rule Sicilia’s happy plains,
Have pity, Venus, on your poet’s pains.
Shall fortune still in one sad tenor run
And still increase the woes so soon begun?
Inured to sorrow from my tender years,
My parent’s ashes drank my early tears:
My brother next, neglecting wealth and fame,
Ignobly burned in a destructive flame:
An infant daughter late my griefs increased,
And all a mother’s cares distract my breast.
Alas, what more could Fate itself impose,
But thee, the last and greatest of my woes?
No more my robes in waving purple flow,
Nor on my hand the sparkling diamonds glow;
No more my locks in ringlets curled diffuse
The costly sweetness of Arabian dews;
Nor braids of gold the varied tresses bind
That fly disordered with the wanton wind.
For whom should Sappho use such arts as these?
He’s gone whom only she desired to please!
Cupid’s light darts my tender bosom move;
Still is there cause for Sappho still to love;
So from my birth the Sisters fixed my doom,
And gave to Venus all my life to come:
Or, while my Muse in melting notes complains,
My yielding heart keeps measure to my strains.
By charms like thine, which all my soul have won,
Who might not—ah, who would not be undone?
For those, Aurora Cephalus might scorn,
And with fresh blushes paint the conscious morn:
For those, might Cynthia lengthen Phaon’s sleep,
And bid Endymion nightly tend his sheep:
Venus for those had rapt thee to the skies,
But Mars on thee might look with Venus’ eyes.
O scarce a youth, yet scarce a tender boy!
O useful time for lovers to employ!
Pride of thy age, and glory of thy race,
Come to these arms and melt in this embrace!
The vows you never will return, receive;
And take at least the love you will not give.
See, while I write, my words are lost in tears:
The less my sense, the more my love appears.
Sure ’twas not much to bid one kind adieu:
At least, to feign was never hard to you.
‘Farewell, my Lesbian love,’ you might have said;
Or coldly thus, ‘Farewell, O Lesbian maid.’
No tear did you, no parting kiss receive,
Nor knew I then how much I was to grieve.
No lover’s gift your Sappho could confer;
And wrongs and woes were all you left with her.
No charge I gave you, and no charge could give
But this—‘Be mindful of our loves, and live.’
Now by the Nine, those powers adored by me,
And Love, the god that ever waits on thee;—
When first I heard (from whom I hardly knew)
That you were fled and all my joys with you,
Like some sad statue, speechless, pale I stood;
Grief chilled my breast and stopt my freezing blood;
No sigh to rise, no tear had power to flow,
Fixed in a stupid lethargy of woe.
But when its way the impetuous passion found,
I rend my tresses and my breasts I wound;
I rave, then weep; I curse, and then complain;
Now swell to rage, now melt in tears again.
Not fiercer pangs distract the mournful dame
Whose first-born infant feeds the funeral flame.
My scornful brother with a smile appears,
Insults my woes, and triumphs in my tears;
His hated image ever haunts my eyes;—
‘And why this grief? thy daughter lives,’ he cries.
Stung with my love and furious with despair,
All torn my garments and my bosom bare,
My woes, thy crimes, I to the world proclaim;
Such inconsistent things are love and shame.
’Tis thou art all my care and my delight,
My daily longing and my dream by night.—
O night, more pleasing than the brightest day,
When fancy gives what absence takes away,
And, dressed in all its visionary charms,
Restores my fair deserter to my arms!
Then round your neck in wanton wreath I twine;
Then you, methinks, as fondly circle mine:
A thousand tender words I hear and speak;
A thousand melting kisses give and take:
Then fiercer joys; I blush to mention these,
Yet, while I blush, confess how much they please.
But when with day the sweet delusions fly,
And all things wake to life and joy, but I;
As if once more forsaken, I complain,
And close my eyes to dream of you again:
Then frantic rise; and, like some fury, rove
Through lonely plains, and through the silent grove,
As if the silent grove and lonely plains,
That knew my pleasures, could relieve my pains.
I view the grotto, once the scene of love,
The rocks around, the hanging roofs above,
That charmed me more, with native moss o’ergrown,
Than Phrygian marble or the Parian stone:
I find the shades that veiled our joys before;
But, Phaon gone, those shades delight no more.
Here the pressed herbs with bending tops betray
Where oft entwined in amorous folds we lay;
I kiss that earth which once was pressed by you,
And all with tears the withering herbs bedew.
For thee the fading trees appear to mourn,
And birds defer their song till thy return:
Night shades the groves, and all in silence lie,—
All but the mournful Philomel and I:
With mournful Philomel I join my strain;
Of Tereus she, of Phaon I complain.
A spring there is whose silver waters show,
Clear as a glass, the shining sands below:
A flowery lotus spreads its arms above,
Shades all the banks and seems itself a grove;
Eternal greens the mossy margin grace,
Watched by the sylvan genius of the place:
Here as I lay, and swelled with tears the flood
Before my sight a watery virgin stood:
She stood and cried,—‘O you that love in vain,
Fly hence and seek the fair Leucadian main:
There stands a rock from whose impending steep
Apollo’s fane surveys the rolling deep;
There injured lovers, leaping from above,
Their flames extinguish and forget to love.
Deucalion once with hopeless fury burned;
In vain he loved, relentless Pyrrha scorned.
But when from hence he plunged into the main,
Deucalion scorned, and Pyrrha loved in vain.
Haste, Sappho, haste, from high Leucadia throw
Thy wretched weight, nor dread the deeps below.’
She spoke, and vanished with the voice: I rise,
And silent tears fall trickling from my eyes.
I go, ye nymphs, those rocks and seas to prove:
How much I fear, but ah, how much I love!
I go, ye nymphs, where furious love inspires;
Let female fears submit to female fires:
To rocks and seas I fly from Phaon’s hate,
And hope from seas and rocks a milder fate.
Ye gentle gales, beneath my body blow,
And softly lay me on the waves below.
And thou, kind Love, my sinking limbs sustain,
Spread thy soft wings and waft me o’er the main,
Nor let a lover’s death the guiltless flood profane.
On Phoebus’ shrine my harp I’ll then bestow,
And this inscription shall be placed below:—
‘Here she who sung, to him that did inspire,
Sappho to Phoebus consecrates her lyre:
What suits with Sappho, Phoebus, suits with thee;
The gift, the giver, and the god agree.’
But why, alas, relentless youth, ah, why
To distant seas must tender Sappho fly?
Thy charms than those may far more powerful be,
And Phoebus’ self is less a god to me.
Ah, canst thou doom me to the rocks and sea,
O far more faithless and more hard than they?
Ah, canst thou rather see this tender breast
Dashed on these rocks that to thy bosom pressed?
This breast, which once, in vain! you liked so well;
Where the Loves played, and where the Muses dwell.
Alas, the Muses now no more inspire:
Untuned my lute, and silent is my lyre:
My languid numbers have forgot to flow,
And fancy sinks beneath the weight of woe.
Ye Lesbian virgins and ye Lesbian dames,
Themes of my verse and objects of my flames,
No more your groves with my glad songs shall ring;
No more these hands shall touch the trembling string:
My Phaon’s fled, and I those arts resign:
(Wretch that I am, to call that Phaon mine!)
Return, fair youth, return, and bring along
Joy to my soul and vigour to my song.
Absent from thee, the poet’s flame expires;
But ah, how fiercely burn the lover’s fires!
Gods, can no prayers, no sighs, no numbers move
One savage heart, or teach it how to love?
The winds my prayers, my sighs, my numbers bear;
The flying winds have lost them all in air.
Or when, alas, shall more auspicious gales
To these fond eyes restore thy welcome sails?
If you return, ah, why these long delays?
Poor Sappho dies while careless Phaon stays.
O launch the bark, nor fear the watery plain:
Venus for thee shall smooth her native main.
O launch thy bark, secure of prosperous gales:
Cupid for thee shall spread the swelling sails.
If you will fly—(yet ah, what cause can be,
Too cruel youth, that you should fly from me?)
If not from Phaon I must hope for ease,
Ah, let me seek it from the raging seas:
To raging seas unpitied I’ll remove;
And either cease to live or cease to love.

• 9.Line 19, ‘quas non sine crimine amavi,’ which Pope translates thus, is read in many old texts ‘quas hic sine crimine amavi’ = whom here I blamelessly loved; and even if the former reading be adopted, it must be remembered that crimen means ‘an accusation’ more often than it does ‘a crime.’

Bibliography

The following list comprises most of the books and articles in Sapphic literature which I have consulted. I have added a few to which I have had reference, but which I have not succeeded in seeing: many of them are mere curiosities. I could have still further extended the bibliography, if I had taken more on trust. I have not generally thought it necessary to quote well-known histories of Greece and Greek literature, nor such translations as throw no light upon her beyond what this list contains.

Addison, John: The Works of Anacreon translated into English Verse; with Notes explanatory and poetical. To which are added the Odes, Fragments, and Epigrams of Sappho. With the original Greek placed opposite to the Translation. 8vo, London, 1735.

Addison, Joseph: Spectator, No. 223, Nov. 15, 1711 and No. 233, Nov. 27, 1711.

Ahrens, Heinrich Ludolf: De Graecae Linguae Dialectis, Sapphus fragmenta, pp. 256-274 of Lib. I. 8vo, Göttingen, 1839.

Ahrens, Heinrich Ludolf: Conjecturen in Alcäus und Sappho, Rheinisches Museum, 1842, pp. 388-401.

Anacreontis Carmina, cum Sapphonis et Alcaei fragmentis. Glasgow, 1744, 1757, 1761 and 1783.

Anacreontis et Sapphonis Carmina. Cum virorum doctorum notis et emendationibus, in usum juventutis Academiae Salfordiensis, Com. Lancastriae. 8vo, London, 1754.

Andreas, Elias: Anacreontis Teii antiquissimi poëtae Lyrici Odae, ab Helia Andrea Latinae factae. 16mo, Lutetiae, 1556.

Andreas, Elias: Anacreontis, Sapphus, et Erinnae Carmina interpretibus Henrico Stephano et Elia Andrea. 64mo, Edinburgh, 1766.

Arnold, Dr. Bernhard: Sappho. Vortrag, gehalten zu München am 25. März 1870. Aus Sammlung gemeinverständlicher Vorträge herausg. v. Rud. Virchow und Fr. von Holtzendorff. Berlin, 1871.

Arnold, Edwin, M.A., C.S.I.: The Poets of Greece [pp. 105-118]. 8vo, London, 1869.

Baxter, William: see Vossius, Isaac (1695).

Baxter, William: Anacreontis Teii Carmina Graece e Recensione Guilielmi Baxteri cum ejusdem Henr. item Stephani atque Tanegvidi Fabri notis accesserunt duo Sapphus Odaria [pp. 167-172; 249-254] et Theocriti Anacreonticum in mortuum Adonin. Iterum edidit varietatemque lectionibus cum suis animadversionibus et Anacreontis fragmenta adjecit Joh. Frider. Fischerus. 8vo, Leipzig, 1776.

Beau, Gabriel: La Grèce Poétique. Anacréon—Sappho [pp. 81-97]—Bion—Moschus—Théocrite. 12mo, Paris, 1884.

Bentley, Richard, D.D.: in Graevius’ Callimachi Fragmenta, 8vo, Utrecht, 1697, ad. fr. 417, de Sapphus fragm. 118.

Bergk, Theodor: De aliquot fragmentis Sapphonis et Alcaei. Rheinisches Museum für Philologie, 8vo, Bonn, 1835, pp. 209-231.

Bergk, Theodor: Anthologia Lyrica. 8vo, Leipzig, 1854, pp. 261-273 (text only).

Bergk, Theodor: Poetae Lyrici Graeci, ed. 4, vol. 3, pp. 82-140. 8vo, Leipzig, 1882.

Bibliothèque Universelle des Dames; alias Bibliothèque de Mesdemoiselles Eulalie, Félicité, Sophie, Emilie De Marcilly. Mélanges. Tom. viii. pp. 95-130. 24mo, Paris, 1787.

Bland, Rev. Robert: see Merivale, J. H.

Blass, Friedrich, of Kiel: Zu den Griechischen Lyrikern. Rhein. Mus., vol. xxix., 1874: Sappho, pp. 149-151.

Blass, Friedrich, of Kiel: Neue Fragmente ... der Sappho. Rhein. Mus., vol. xxxv. 1880; pp. 287-290.

Blomfield, Charles James, Bishop of London: Cambridge Museum Criticum, vol. i., pp. 1-31, 250-252, 421, 422. 8vo, 1826.

Blomfield, Charles James: see Gaisford.

Blum, Johann Christian: in Olearius’ De Poetriis Graecis. 4to, Leipzig, 1712.

Boetticher, K.: Zwei Hermenbildnisse der Sappho; with a photograph. Archäologische Zeitung, 4to, Berlin, 1872, pp. 83-86.

Born, Friedrich Gottlieb, Ph.D.: Anacreontis et Sapphus [pp. 219-227] Carmina Graece recensuit notisque illustravit ex optimis interpretibus, quibus et suas adjecit. 8vo, Leipzig, 1789.

Bothe, Fridericus Henricus: Anacreontica Graece recensuit notisque criticis instruxit. Σαπφοῦς λείψανα pp. 77-81. 16mo, Leipzig, 1805.

Braun, G. C.: Die Fragmente der Sappho, übersetzt von G. C. B[raun]. 8vo, Wetzlar, 1815.

Brockhausen, R.: Sappho’s Lieder in deutschen Versen nachgebildet. Lemgo, 1827.

Brunck, Richard François Philippe: Analecta veterum poetarum Graecorum: i., pp. 54-57; ii., p. 8. 8vo, Strassburg, 1772.

Brunck, Richard François Philippe: Anacreontis Carmina: accedunt quaedam e lyricorum reliquiis pp. 82-86. Ed. 2, 12mo, Strassburg, 1786.

Brunck, Richard François Philippe: see Weise, G. H. (1844).

Bürger, Eduard: Anacreon und andere lyrische Dichter Griechenlands in deutschen Reimen. 32mo, Stuttgart, 1855.

Bustelli, Giuseppe: Vita e Frammenti di Saffo de Mitilene. Discorso e versione (prima intera). Pp. 104. 8vo, Bologna, 1863.

Cappone, Francesco Antonio: Liriche Parafrasi di D. Francesco Antonio Cappone, Academico ozioso. Sopra tutte l’Ode d’Anacreonte, e sopra alcune altre Poesie di diversi Lirici Poeti Greci. Secundo la preposta version Latina de’l’or più celebri Traduttori. pp. 190-200. 24mo, Venice, 1670.

Comparetti, Professor Domenico: Saffo e Faone dinanzi alla critica storia, in the Nuova Antologia di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, anno xi., seconda serie, vol. i., fasc. ii., pp. 253-288. 8vo, Florence, Febr. 1876.

Comparetti, Professor Domenico: Sulla Epistola Ovidiana di Saffo a Faone, studico critio. Published by the R. Istituto di Studi Superiori pratici e di perfezionamento in Firenze, Sezione di Filosofia e Filologia, vol. ii., dispensa prima, 8vo, pp. 53, Florence, 1876.

Comparetti, Professor Domenico: Sappho nelle Antiche Rappresentanze Vascolari. Published in the Museo Italiano di Antichita Classica, pp. 41-80, with 4 plates, 4to, Firenze, 1886.

Coupin: see Girodet de Roussy.

Courier, P.-L.: Daphnis et Chloé, traduit par P.-L. Courier. Suivi des Poésies d’Anacréon et de Sappho [Odes I. and II. in French prose, pp. 45-49] traduction nouvelle d’après un Manuscrit de l’école d’Athènes. 8vo, Paris, 1878.

Cramer, John Antony, D.D.: Anecdota Graeca e codd. manuscriptis Bibliothecarum Oxoniensium descripsit. Frag. 95, vol. i., p. 444; frag. 158, vol. ii., p. 325. 2 vols. 8vo, Oxford, 1835-6.

Cramer, J. Chr.: Diatribe chronologico-critica de patriâ Sapphus. 4to, Jena, N.D.

Cramer, J. Chr.: Diatribe chronologico-critica de συγφρονισμῷ Sapphus et Anacreontis. 4to, Jena, 1755.

Dacier, Anne Lefèvre ¹⁰: Les Poésies d’Anacréon et de Sapho, traduites de Grec en François, avec des Remarques. Les Poésies de Sapho de Lesbos, pp. 387-429. 12mo, Paris, 1681.

Dacier, Anne Lefèvre: Les Poésies d’Anacréon et de Sapho traduites de Grec en François, avec des Remarques par Mademoiselle Le Fèvre, pp. 387-429, 12mo, Lyons, 1696.

Dacier, Anne Lefèvre: Les poésies d’Anacréon et de Sapho traduites de Grec en François, avec des Remarques, par Madame Dacier. Nouvelle édition augmentée des Notes Latines de Mr. le Fèvre. 12mo, Amsterdam, 1699.

Dacier, Anne Lefèvre: Les Poésies d’Anacréon et de Sapho traduites de Grec en François, avec des Remarques, par Madame Dacier. Nouvelle édition, augmentée des Notes Latines de Mr. le Fèvre, et de la Traduction en vers François de Mr. de la Fosse. 8vo, Amsterdam, 1716.

Degen, J. F.: Anacreon and Sappho’s Lieder nebst and. lyr. Gedichten, Text und Übers. Altenburg, 1787.

Die Gedichte Anakreons und der Sappho Oden aus dem Griechischen übersetzt, und mit Anmerkungen begleitet, pp. 205-216. 8vo, Carlsruhe, 1760.

Discours sur la Poësie lyrique, avec les modèles du genre tirés de Pindare, d’Anacréon, de Sapho [pp. 137-140], de Malherbe, etc. 24mo, Paris, 1761.

Du Bois, Edward: The Wreath; composed of Selections from Sappho, etc., ... accompanied by a prose translation, with notes. 8vo, London, 1799.

Dubois-Guchan, E.-P.: La Pléiade Grecque: Traductions contenant Les Odes et Fragments d’Anacréon, Les Poésies de Sapho, etc., pp. 71-88. 8vo, Paris, 1873.

Easby-Smith, James S.: The Songs of Sappho. 8vo, pp. ix. 97, Washington, 1891.

Egerton, The Honourable Francis Henry: A Fragment of an Ode of Sappho, from Longinus: also, an Ode of Sappho from Dionysius Halicarn. Pp. 26. 8vo, Paris, 1815.

Elton, Sir Charles Abraham, Bart.: Specimens of the Classic Poets ... translated into English verse, and illustrated with biographical and critical notices; vol. i., pp. 99-111. 8vo, London, 1814.

Faber, Tanaquillus: Anacreontis et Sapphonis Carmina. Notas et Animadversiones addidit Tanaquillus Faber; in quibus multa Veterum emendantur. 24mo, Saumur, 1670.

Faber, Tanaquillus: see Baxter, William (1776).

Fard, Le poëte Sans: see Gaçon, François.

Farnell, George S.: Greek Lyric Poetry; pp. 148-167, 327-342. 8vo, London, 1891.

Fawkes, Rev. Francis, M.A.: The Works of Anacreon, Sappho [pp. 169-196], Bion, Moschus, and Musaeus. Translated into English by a Gentleman of Cambridge. 12mo, London, 1760. Often reprinted, e.g. 1789; 1810; 1832; in Anderson’s Poets of Great Britain, vol. xiii., 1793; Chalmers’ Works of the English Poets, vol. xx., 1810, etc.

Felton, Cornelius Conway, LL.D.: Greece, Ancient and Modern. Lectures delivered before the Lowell Institute [1852-1854]. (Sappho, vol. i. pp. 171-180). 2 vols., 8vo, Boston, 1867.

Fèvre, Mademoiselle le: see Dacier, Madame.

Field, Michael: Long Ago. 8vo, pp. 132, London, 1889.

Finkenstein, F. L. K.: Sappho, Ode aus Aphrodita übers. Berlin, 1810.

Fischer, Joh. Fridr.: see Baxter, William (1776).

Fonvielle, B. F. A.: Sapho, ou Le Saut de Leucate, tragédie lyrique en trois actes. 8vo, Paris, 1816.

Fosse, De La: see Dacier, Madame (1716).

Friedrich: Bion, Anacreon, und Sappho. Aus d. Griech. übers. Libau, 1787.

Frothingham, Ellen: Sappho, a tragedy in five acts. A translation from the German play by Franz Grillparzer. 16mo, Boston, U.S.A., 1876.

Gaçon, François: Les Odes d’Anacréon et de Sappho [pp. 343-354] en vers François par le poète Sans Fard. 12mo, Rotterdam, 1712; also Les Poésies d’Anacréon, etc., 32mo, Paris, 1754.

Gaçon, François: Ἀνακρεοντος Τηιου μελη. Σαπφους Ἀσματα. 16mo, Paris, 1754.

Gaisford, Thomas, D.D.: Sapphonis Fragmenta, edited by Charles James Blomfield, and reprinted from the Cambridge Museum Criticum, fasc. i., in Gaisford’s Poetae Minores Graeci, vol. iii., pp. 289-314. 8vo, Leipzig, 1823.

Gerhard, W.: Anacreon und Sappho. Freie Nachbildung für den deutschen Gesang. Leipzig, 1847.

Giles, J. A.: see Hainebach, J. H.

Gilliver: Anacreontis carmina, etc. ... et poetriae Sapphus quae supersunt. London, 1733.

Girodet de Roussy, Anne Louis: Sappho, Bion, Moschus, Recueil de Compositions dessinées par Girodet, et gravées par M. Chatillon, son élève, avec la traduction en vers par Girodet, et une Notice sur la Vie et les Œuvres de Sappho, par Coupin. 4to, Paris, 1829.

Gleim, J. W. L.: Die Oden Anakreons in reimlosen Versen. Nebst einigen andern Gedichten. Die 2 Oden der Dichterin Sappho, pp. 45-48. 8vo, Frankfort and Leipzig, 1746.

Goldmann, C. A. F.: Bion, nebst einigen Gedichten der Sappho, der Erinna, und des Mimnermus übers. Soest, 1808.

Grainville, J. B.: Les hymnes de Sapho, nouvellement découvertes et traduites pour la première fois en françois, avec des notes et une version italienne. 8vo, Paris, 1796.

Graux, Charles: Revue de Philologie, 1880, pp. 81, ff.

Greek Authoresses, an anonymous article in the Edinburgh Review, vol. lv., No. cix., April, 1832, pp. 182-208.

Greene, E. B.: The Works of Anacreon and Sappho [pp. 127-169] ... illustrated by observations on their lives and writings, explanatory notes from established commentators, and additional remarks by the Editor; with the Classic, an introductory Poem. 8vo, London, 1768.

Grillparzer, Franz: see Frothingham.

Grosset: see Marcelot et Grosset.

Gunther Waht, F. L.: Anacreon und Sappho, Lieder der Liebe aus dem Griech. Erfurt, 1783.

Gyraldus, Lilius Greg.: see Stephanus, H. (1566, 1660).

Hainebach, J. H.: Specimen Scriptorum Graecorum minorum, quorum reliquias, fere omnium melioris notae, ex editionibus variis excerptas ab J. A. Giles recognoscet et supplebit J. H. Hainebach. 8vo, Frankfort, 1834.

Harles [alias Harless], Gottlieb Christopher: Anthologia Graeca Poetica, pp. 239-249. 8vo, Baruthi, 1792.

Harrison, Frederic: The New Calendar of Great Men, pp. 46, 47. 8vo, London, 1892.

Hartel, W.: Die Sappho und die Sappho-Sage, in the Oesterr. Wochenschrift f. Wissenschaft und Kunst v. W. Bucher, N. F., 1872.

Hartung, J. A.: Die Griechischen Lyriker, vol. vi., pp. 63-110. 8vo, Leipzig, 1857.

Hauteroche, Allier de: Notizie intorno a Saffo de Ereso. Paris, 1822.

Heller, H. J.: Carmen Sapphus Secundum, in Philologus, pp. 431-437, 8vo, Göttingen, 1856. (Heller reads the last line thus: πᾶν δὲ τολματέον ἐπὶ τᾷ ‘γαπήτᾳ, i.e. amicae causâ, ad amicam mihi conciliandam).

Hermann, G.: Bermerkungen über Homer und die Fragmente der Sappho, in his Works, vol. vi., pp. 70-141. 1835.

Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, Colonel: Sappho, an article published in the Atlantic Monthly for 1871, and reprinted in Atlantic Essays, pp. 299-324. Boston, 1882.

Hoffmann, S. F. W.: Lexicon Bibliographicum, sive Index Editionum et Interpretationum Scriptorum Graecorum, tum sacrorum tum profanorum. V. sub voce Sappho, vol. iii. 8vo, Leipzig, 1832.

Hosken, James Dryden, ‘the Postman-Poet’: Phaon and Sappho, a Play. 8vo, Penzance, 1891.

Hübner, E.: Die Madrider Sapphoherme. Archäologische Zeitung, 8vo, Berlin, 1872, pp. 86-87; 1873, pp. 46, 47.

Hudson, John, D.D.: Dionysius Longinus de Sublimitate, cum praefationibus, notis, et variis lectionibus. 8vo, Oxford, 1710.

Imperiale, G. V.: see Verri, A.

Jaeger, W.: Sappho, poésies françaises et allemandes. Berlin, 1852.

Kannegiesser, K. L.: Anacreon und Sappho, übers. Prenzlau, 1827.

Kock, Theodor: Alkäos und Sappho, pp. 22-98. 8vo, Berlin, 1862.

Koechly, H.: Über Sappho, mit Rücksicht auf die gesellschaftliche Stellung der Frauen bei den Griechen: Academische Vorträge, Zürich, 1859, pp. 155-277, 406-412.

Langapetraeus = Longepierre, q.v.

Le Fèvre, Tanneguy: see Dacier, 1699.

Lefèvre, Anne: see Dacier.

Lewis, Mrs. Estelle: Sappho: a Tragedy in five Acts, by ‘Stella.’ Ed. 6th, 8vo, London, 1881.

Lilly, John, ‘the Euphuist’: Sapho and Phao, played before the Queen’s Majesty on Shrove Tuesday, by her Majesty’s children and the Boys of St. Paul’s. 4to, London, 1584.

Longepierre, Mr. de: Les Oeuvres d’Anacréon et de Sapho, contenant leurs Poësies, et les galanteries de l’ancienne Grèce. Traduites de Grec en vers François par Mr. de Longepierre, avec des Notes curieuses sur tout l’ouvrage.—Les Poésies de Sapho de Lesbos, pp. 347-398. 12mo, Paris, 1692.

Luniak (Lunák), John, Phil. Mag.: Quaestiones Sapphicae; accedit Corollarium criticum atque exegeticum ad Ovidianam Sapphus Epistulam. 8vo, pp. vi. 115, Kazan, Russia, 1888.

Lut, C. Breghot du: Poésies de Sapho, traduites en François, avec le texte en regard, précédées d’une notice sur la vie de cette femme célèbre, accompagnées de notes et d’un choix polyglotte d’imitations en vers des principales pièces. Pp. 18, 8vo, Lyons, 1835.

Luzan, Don Ignacio de: Las dos Odas de Safo, in vol. iv., pp. 169-171, of J. J. Lopez de Sedano’s Parnasso Español. Coleccion de Poesias escogidas de los mas celebres poetas Castellanos. 8vo, Madrid, 1776.

Mähly, J.: Sappho bei Himerius. Rheinisches Museum für Philologie, Neue Folge, pp. 301-308. 8vo, Frankfort, 1866.

Manna, Antonio La: Le Odi di Anacreonte tradotte in versi Siciliani, con altre poesie; Sappho’s fragm. 1, 2, and 52 on pp. 129-131. 12mo, Palermo, 1843.

Marcelot et Grosset: Odes d’Anacréon et de Sapho, traduction française avec le texte en regard. Paris, 1847.

Marcilly, De: see Bibliothèque Univ. des Dames.

Merino, A. Fernandez: Estudios de Literatura Griega. Safo ante la critica moderna. Ed. 3, pp. 80. 8vo, Madrid, 1884.

Merivale, John Herman: Collections from the Greek Anthology, by the late Rev. Robert Bland and others, pp. 12-22. 8vo, London, 1833.

Merula Alexandrinus, Georgius: Commentarium in Sapphus epistolam. 4to, Venice, 1475. Reprinted, with alterations and additions, in 1499, 1510, 1528, etc., along with commentaries by Badius, Calderinus, and Egnatius.

Michaelis, Adolf Theodor Friedrich: Thamyris und Sappho auf einem Vasenbilde. 1 plate, pp. 18. 4to, Leipzig, 1865.

Milesi, Bianca: Vita di Saffo, scritto da Bianca Milesi. 8vo, Paris, 1824.

Modona, Leonello: La Saffo storica, ed il mito di Saffo e Faone, published in the Rivista Internazionale, April 16, 1878, and reprinted, pp. 25, 8vo, Florence, 1878.

Moebius, Ernst Anton Ludwig: Anacreontis, quae feruntur, Carmina, Sapphus [pp. 104-110], et Erinnae fragmenta. Textum passim refinxit brevique annotatione illustravit Ernst Ant. Moebius. Forming vol. 19 of Frid. Jacobs’ and Val. Chr. Fr. Rost’s Bibliotheca Graeca. 8vo, Gotha and Erfurt, 1826.

Moore, Thomas: Odes of Anacreon translated into English verse, with Notes. 4to, London, 1800.

Moutonnet-Clairfons, J. J.: Anacréon, Sapho [pp. 95-118], Bion et Moschus, traduction nouvelle en Prose. 4to, Paphos and Paris, 1773. (In 1780 another edition was issued, with illustrations by Eisen.)

Mure, Colonel William: Sappho, and the ideal love of the Greeks: in the Rheinisches Museum für Philologie, 1847, pp. 564-593.

Neander, Michael: Aristologia Pindarica Graecolatina ... Ad finem accesserunt Sententiae quaedam utiles et sapientes Novem Lyricorum, ex variis tum Patrum tum Ethnicorum libris collectae, pp. 427-430. 8vo, Basle, 1556.

Neue, Christian Friedrich: Sapphonis Mytilenaeae Fragmenta: specimen operae in omnibus artis Graecorum Lyricae reliquiis excepto Pindaro collocandae proposuit D. Christianus Fridericus Neue, Professor Portensis. Pp. 106. 4to, Berlin, 1827.

Okes, Holt: Quaedam Fragmenta Lyrica Sapphus, Alcaei, et aliorum; numeris suis restituta et recensita. Pp. 11. 8vo, Cambridge, 1809.

Olearius, Gottfried: see Blum.

Orger, Thomas, LL.D.: The Odes of Anacreon, with the fragments of Sappho [pp. 81-85] and Alcaeus, literally translated into English prose. 8vo, London, 1825.

Pagnini, G. M.: Poesie di Anacreonte recate in versi Italiani da Eritisco Pilenejo [a pseudonym]. Le Poesie di Saffo di Lesbo, pp. 91-99. 8vo, Parma, 1793.

Pagnini, G. M.: Le Poesie di Anacreonte, di Saffo [pp. 46-49], e di Erinna dal Greco trasportate in rime Toscano per opera di Eritisco Pilenejo, P.A. 8vo, Lucca, 1794.

Palgrave, Francis Turner, Professor of Poetry in the University of Oxford: a Lecture on Poetry and the other Fine Arts, ‘The National Review,’ Oct 1887, vol. x., pp. 202-218.

Paulidos, Joacheim J., of Lesbos, Ph.D.: Σαπφὼ ἡ Μυτιληναία. Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doctorwürde der hohen philosophischen Facultät der Universität Erlangen vorgelegt. 8vo, Leipzig, 1885.

Pelayo, Menendez y: Translation in Spanish verse of the Ode to Aphrodite, in the first edition of his Las Poesias de tan docto academico. Madrid, 1877.

Pember, E. H., Q.C.: The Tragedy of Lesbos. 8vo, London, 1870.

Philips, Ambrose: The Works of Anacreon and Sappho [pp. 61-75 by Ambrose Philips]. Done from the Greek, by several hands. 12mo, London, 1715. See also Addison, Joseph.

Pilenejo, Eritisco: pseudonym of G. M. Pagnini, whom see.

Plehn, Severus Lucianus: Lesbiacorum Liber, pp. 175-196. 8vo, Berlin, 1826.

Poestion, Joseph Calasanz: Griechische Dichterinnen, ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Frauenliteratur. Pp. 33-92. 8vo, Wien, Pest, Leipzig, 1876.

Poetae Graeci: sive Selecta ex Homeri Odyss. ... Sapphone [p. 168] ... Musaeo, cum vulgata versione emendata, ac variis partim Scholiastarum Graecorum, partim Doctorum recentiorum notis. In usum Regiae Scholae Etonensis. Edito altera. 8vo, Eton, 1777.

Pomtow, Joh.: Poetae Lyrici Graeci minores [vol. i., pp. 100-116, 341, 343]. 2 vols., 16mo, Leipzig, 1885.

Prien, Dr. Carl: Die Symmetrie und Responsion der Sapphischen und Horazischen Ode. 4to, Lübeck, 1865.

Raabe, A.: Interpretatio odarii Sapphici in Venerem. Leipzig, 1794.

Ramler, Karl Wilhelm: Anakreons auserlesene Oden, und die zwey noch übrigen Oden der Sappho. 8vo, Berlin, 1801.

Reenen, J. H. van: Anacreontis et Sapphus Reliquiae, ad fidem optimarum editionum recensitae, pp. 95-123. 4to, Amsterdam, 1807.

Reinhold, J. L.: Anacreon und der Sappho, Lieder, Text, und Übersetz. Riga, 1826.

Richepin, Jean: Sapphô; illustrations par MM. Hector Leroux, D. Vierge, Kauffman. Pp. 36. 8vo, Paris, 1866?

Richter, Professor Frz. W.: Sappho und Erinna nach ihrem Leben beschrieben und in ihren poëtischen Überresten übersetzt und erklärt. 8vo, Quedlinburg and Leipzig, 1833.

Robinson, Mrs. Mary: Sappho and Phaon, in a series of legitimate Sonnets, etc. 16mo, London, 1796.

Roche-Aymon, De la: Poësies de Anacréon et de Sapho [pp. 89-97]. Traduction en vers de M. de la Roche-Aymon, ancien professeur de rhétorique. Illustrations de P. Avril. 32mo, Paris, 1882.

Rogati, Francesco Saverio de’: Le Odi di Anacreonte e di Saffo [vol. ii., pp. 193-217] recate in versi Italiani. 2 vols., 8vo, Colle, 1782; ed. 2, 1818.

Rossey, Henri: Mélanges Poétiques, suivis de quelques traductions d’Horace, Sapho [pp. 223-228] et Anacréon. 12mo, Paris, 1863.

Rubio y Lluch, Antonio: Trad. catalana de la oda á Afrodita y de frag. cons. por Longino. Barcelona, 1880.

Sacy, C. L. M.: Les Amours de Sapho et de Phaon. Pp. 180. 8vo, Amsterdam, 1775.

Saint-Remy, Redarez: Les Poésies de Sapho de Lesbos. Pp. 120. 8vo, Paris, 1852.

Sans Fard: see Gaçon, François.

Sauvigny, E. Billardon de: Poésies de Sapho, suivies de différentes poésies dans le même genre. 12mo, Amsterdam, 1777; London, 1781, 1792.

Schneider, A.: Μουσων Ἀνθη. sive selecta Poetriarum Graecarum Carmina et Fragmenta edidit, earum vitas, animadversiones et indices adjecit A. Schneider; pp. 3-82. 8vo, Giessen, 1802.

Schneidewin, F. G.: Delectus Poesis Graecorum Elegiacae, Iambicae, Melicae.—Sapphonis Mitylenaeae Carmina, pp. 289-322. 8vo, Göttingen, 1838.

Schoene, Alfred: Untersuchungen über das Leben der Sappho, pp. 731-762 of Symbola Philologorum Bonnensium in honorem Friderici Ritschelii collecta. 8vo, Leipzig, 1864-7.

Seidler: Über einige Fragmente der Sappho und des Alcäus, von Herrn Hofrath Seidler, in the Rheinisches Museum für Philologie, pp. 153-228. 8vo, Bonn, 1829.

Sivry, Poinsinet de: Anacréon, Sapho, etc., traduits en vers Français. Poésies de Sapho de Mytilene, pp. viii., 24. 8vo, Nancy, 1758.

Smith, Philip: art. Sappho, in Dr. William Smith’s Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. iii., pp. 707-711. 8vo, London, 1870.

Stadelmann, Heinrich: Aus Tibur und Teos. Eine Auswahl lyrischer Gedichte von Horaz, Anakreon, Catull, Sappho [pp. 87-95] u. A. In deutscher Nachdichtung von Heinrich Stadelmann. 32mo, Halle, 1868.

Stephanus, Henricus: Ἀνακρέοντος μέλη. 8vo, Paris, 1554. Editio princeps.

Stephanus, Henricus: Anacreontis et aliorum Lyricorum aliquot poetarum Odae. In easdem Henr. Stephani observationes. Eadem Latinae. 16mo, Paris, 1556.

Stephanus, Henricus: Carminum Poetarum novem, lyricae poeseos principū fragmenta ... Sapphus [pp. 33-71] ... nonnulla etiam aliorum. Editio secunda, 16mo, Paris, 1566. Prefixed to the text is: Sapphus vita, ex Lilii Greg. Gyraldi dialogo IX. De poetarum historia. Reprinted in 1660 and other years.

Stephanus, Henricus: see Andreas, Elias (1766).

Symonds, John Addington: Studies of the Greek Poets, first series, pp. 114-136. 8vo, London, 1873; 3rd ed., 1893.

Tennyson, Frederick: The Isles of Greece. Sappho and Alcaeus. 8vo, London, 1890.

Thompson, Maurice: The Sapphic Secret. The Atlantic Monthly, March 1894, pp. 365-372.

Traner, J.: Sapphus, graecanicae Poetriae, quae exstant, Residua. Progrr. acadd. Upsalae, par. x. 8vo, 1824.

Trapp, J.: Anacreontis Teii Carmina: accurate edita; cum notis perpetuis; et versione Latina ... Accedunt ejusdem, ut perhibentur, Fragmenta et Poetriae Sapphus [pp. 224-233] quae supersunt. Ed. 2. 12mo, London, 1742.

Tresham, Enrico: Le Avventure di Saffo. Fol., Rome, 1784. 18 plates, drawn and engraved by Enrico Tresham; no text.

Ursinus, Fulvius: Carmina novem illustrium feminarum, Sapphus [pp. 2-36], etc. 8vo, Antwerp, 1568.

Verri, Alessandro: Le Avventure di Saffo poetessa di Mitilene, traduzione dal Greco originale nuovamente scoperto. [Or rather an original romance in Italian by A. V.] Pp. 188. 8vo, Vercelli, 1780-1804.

Verri, Alessandro: Le Avventure di Saffo poetessa di Mitilene, e la Faoniade [by G. V. Imperiale] inni ed odi, traduzioni dal greco. 24mo, Paris, 1790.

Volger, Heinrich Friedrich Magnus: Diatribe historico-critica de Sapphus Poetriae vita et scriptis. 8vo, Gotha, 1809. (Reprinted in a more extended form in his subsequent edition of Sappho.)

Volger, Heinrich Friedrich Magnus: Sapphus Lesbiae Carmina et Fragmenta recensuit, commentario illustravit, schemata musica adjecit, et indices confecit Henr. Frid. Magnus Volger, Paedagogii Regii Ilfeldensis Collaborator. Pp. lxviii., 195. 8vo, Leipzig, 1810.

Vossius, Isaac: Catullus et in eum observationes. Pp. 112-117. 4to, London, 1684.

Vossius, Isaac: Anacreontis Teii Carmina ... Willielmus Baxter. Subjiciuntur autem duo vetustissimae Poetriae Sapphus [pp. 122-131] elegantissima odaria, una cum correctione Isaaci Vossii. 8vo, London, 1695.

Vries, S. G. de: Epistula Sapphus ad Phaonem apparatu critico instructa, commentario illustrata, et Ovidio vindicata. An inaugural dissertation for the doctorate. Pp. ix. 155. 8vo, Leyden, 1885.

Walhouse, Moreton John: The Nine Greek Lyric Poets, in The Gentleman’s Magazine, pp. 433-451, April, 1877.

Weil, H.: quoted by Graux, q.v.

Weise, C. H.: Anacreontis Carmina, cum Sapphus aliorumque reliquiis. Adjectae sunt integrae Brunckii notae. Nova editio stereotypa curante C. H. Weise. 32mo, Leipzig (Tauchnitz), 1844-1878.

Weisse, C. F.: Eine Ode, übersetz. von C. F. Weisse. Vid. Schmidii Anthologie, tom. ii. Leipzig.

Welcker, Friedrich Gottlieb: Sappho von einem herrschenden Vorurtheil befreyt. Pp. 150. 8vo, Göttingen, 1816. Reprinted in his Kleine Schriften, vol. ii., p. 80 f., 1846.

Welcker, Friedrich Gottlieb: Sappho, a review of Neue’s edition, in Jahn’s Jahrbuch. Pp. 394-408, 1828. Reprinted in his Kleine Schriften, vol. i., pp. 110-125. 8vo, Bonn, 1844.

Welcker, Friedrich Gottlieb: Sappho und Phaon, in the Rheinisches Museum, pp. 242-252, 1863. Reprinted in his Kleine Schriften, vol. v., pp. 228-242. 8vo, Elberfeld, 1867. A review of Mure and Koch.

Westphal, K.: Zwei Strophen der Sappho, in the Jahrbuch für class. Philologie, pp. 690-694, 1860.

Wolf, Johann Christian: Sapphus, poetriae Lesbiae, fragmenta et elogia, quotquot in auctoribus antiquis Graecis et Latinis reperiuntur, cum virorum doctorum notis integris, cura et studio Jo. Christiani Wolfii, in Gymnasio Hamburgensi Professoris Publici. Qui vitam Sapphonis et Indices adjecit. Pp. xxxii., 279. 8vo, Hamburg, 1733.

• 10.Anne Lefèvre, daughter of Tanneguy Lefèvre [Tanaquillus Faber], born at Saumur about 1654, married André Dacier in 1683 and died at the Louvre, 1720.